Gambling Subgroups among Korean Out-of-school Adolescents

Purpose@#The number of Korean adolescents engaging in gambling is increasing, especially among out-of-school adolescents. This study aimed to identify patterns of gambling activities and factors related to specific subgroups of out-of-school adolescent gambling activities. @*Methods@#This descriptive study analyzed secondary data from the 2015 Korea Youth Gambling Problem Survey, including 1,200 out-of-school adolescents. Latent class analysis was conducted to identify patterns of gambling activities. The factors related to gambling subgroups were verified with multinomial logistic regression. @*Results@#Three latent classes of gambling activities were identified: rarely gambling (RG), immediate gain gambling (IGG), and broad gambling (BG). These subgroups differed significantly in terms of gender, age at and type of first gambling experience, number and type of gambling activities, gambling frequency, time and money spent on gambling, problem gambling severity, and motivation for gambling. Compared to the RG subgroup, both the IGG and BG subgroups were strongly associated with an older age at the first gambling experience. @*Conclusion@#Out-of-school adolescents who first gambled at an older age and who gambled mainly in order to gain money immediately were at risk of problem gambling. Developing strategies for early screening and referral to professionals is necessary to prevent gambling problems from worsening.

Latent Class Analysis of Gambling Activities among Korean Adolescents

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to identify the types of gambling among adolescents and provide basic prevention information regarding adolescents' gambling problems. METHODS: Secondary data from representative national survey on 2015 Youth Gambling Problems of Korea Center on Gambling Problems were used. Using latent class analysis (LCA), 13 gambling types such as offline and online games of 14,011 adolescents were classified, and gambling experiences and characteristics were analyzed. RESULTS: The subgroups of adolescent gambling were identified as four latent classes: a rare group (84.5% of the sample), a risk group (1.0%), an offline group (11.9%), and an expanded group (2.6%). The types and characteristics of gambling among the latent classes differed. In the risk group, adolescents participated in online illegal sports betting and internet casino, and gambling time, gambling expenses, and the number of gambling types were higher than other groups. CONCLUSION: Gambling frequently occur among adolescent, and the subtypes of gambling did not reveal homogeneous characteristics. In order to prevent adolescent gambling problems, it is a necessary to develop tailored prevention intervention in the nursing field, which is appropriate to the characteristics of adolescent gambling group and can help with early identification.

Core Components of Interventions for Prevention of Alcoholism in Adults: An Integrative Review / 정신간호학회지

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe the core components of interventions for prevention of alcoholism in adults and to present basic information for developing intervention programs for problem drinkers. METHODS: The key words, ‘alcoholism’ and ‘prevention’ were used to search peer-reviewed evidence through ten electronic databases. Six electronic databases in English and four in the Korean language were searched to identify studies done between January 2005 and December 2015. RESULTS: Examination of the fifteen articles revealed six kinds of interventions for prevention of alcoholism: Screening, Brief intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT); Brief Negotiate Interview (BNI); Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET); Screening Interventions Program for Sensible Drinking (SIPS); Stepped Care (SC) and Alcohol Reduction Program. Interventions were mainly focused on assessment of drinking behavior, investigation of alcohol-related problems, building a motivation for change, exploring the expectancies of drinking alcohol, strengthening change of behavior and continuous monitoring using motivational interviewing, empathetic feedback and coaching strategy. CONCLUSION: Findings show that the core components of interventions for prevention of alcoholism in adults are client-tailored approaches, formation of motivation to change, and continuous monitoring of behavior change. Motivational intervention is necessary to develop practical strategies to promote motivation to change for problem drinkers.